Are antlers safe for dogs? This is a question many pet owners think about when searching for a safe, yet durable chew toy. The short answer is NO. While antlers may seem like a natural and durable option, they pose significant risks such as tooth fractures and gastrointestinal complications. This comprehensive guide will explore why antlers are not the safest choice and what alternatives you can consider for your dog's chewing needs.
The different types of antlers available
It's nearly impossible to walk into a pet store without coming across a variety of antler chews. From deer to elk and moose antlers, there are numerous options that will be sure to keep your dog busy for hours.
While they're indeed natural, originating from animals who shed them periodically, it's vital to understand that "natural" doesn't always equate to "safe."
Deer antlers are popular because of their lasting ability and this is because they are very hard. Elk antlers are a 'safer' alternative to deer antlers, as they are typically softer and less likely to splinter. Moose antlers are available as well and they are typically the largest antler.
What are the risks of offering your dog an antler to chew on?
While antlers may seem like a natural and durable option for your dog's chewing needs, they come with a set of risks that every pet owner should be aware of. Understanding these risks can help you make an informed decision that prioritizes your dog's health and well-being.
Broken teeth and tooth root abscesses
One of the most significant risks associated with antler chews is the potential for broken teeth. Antlers are incredibly hard and dense, which makes them a leading cause of tooth fractures in dogs.
A fractured tooth is not only painful but can also lead to a tooth root abscess if bacteria enter the exposed pulp. Tooth root abscesses are painful infections that require immediate veterinary attention, often involving tooth extraction and pain medication.
The most common tooth that breaks when chewing on an antler is the large upper premolar called the maxillary fourth premolar or carnassial tooth.
With such a bad fracture, infection will surely set in as bacteria can migrate inside the tooth. The subsequent tooth root abscess of the maxillary fourth premolar will often present as a swelling on the cheek or beneath the eye.
Additionally, when an antler results in a fractured carnassial, it is what we call a slab fracture, where a slab of broken tooth is often still attached to the gumline.
Your veterinarian will be able to diagnose a fractured tooth during a detailed oral examination.
Choking risks
While dental issues are a primary concern, there's also a very real threat of antlers becoming a choking hazard. Vigorous chewers can break down antlers into smaller pieces. These fragments can:
- Obstruct the windpipe, leading to asphyxiation.
- Get lodged in the esophagus, preventing food passage and potentially damaging its walls.
Signs of an esophageal obstruction include abnormal or frequent swallowing, excessive salivation, regurgitation, and visible discomfort while swallowing.
Gastrointestinal complications
Even if your dog manages to chew an antler without choking or breaking a tooth, there's still the risk of gastrointestinal complications. Antlers are too hard to be broken down by the gastrointestinal system and small pieces can be ingested and cause blockages in the digestive tract.
These intestinal blockages can lead to symptoms like vomiting, lack of appetite, diarrhea, lethargy, and abdominal pain, requiring surgical intervention in most cases.
Safe alternatives to antlers for dogs
Given the risks associated with antler chews, you may be wondering what safer alternatives are available for your dog's chewing needs. It is a balancing act between durability and safety.
The good news is that there are plenty of options that are both satisfying for your dog and less hazardous to their health.
Rubber chew toys
High-quality rubber chew toys are durable and can provide hours of entertainment for your dog. Look for products that are labeled as non-toxic and are designed to withstand aggressive chewing.
Dental chews
Dental chews are specifically designed to promote oral health. They come in various shapes and sizes and are generally softer than antlers, reducing the risk of tooth fractures. Always supervise your dog while they are enjoying a dental chew.
Rope toys
Rope toys are excellent for dogs who love to tug and chew. They can also help clean your dog's teeth as they chew. However, make sure to replace them if they start to unravel to avoid ingestion of the fibers.
Edible treats
Natural, edible treats like bully sticks or sweet potato chews can be a good alternative. These treats are digestible, reducing the risk of gastrointestinal blockages. Always choose treats that are appropriate for your dog's size and chewing habits.
Kong toys
Kong toys are popular hollow rubber toys that can be filled with treats or kibble. They provide mental stimulation as your dog works to get the treats out and are generally safe for unsupervised chewing.
Plush toys
While not as durable as other options, plush toys can be a comforting alternative for dogs who are gentle chewers. Always supervise your dog with a new toy until you're sure it's safe for them.
In summary, the question "Are antlers safe for dogs?" has a fairly straightforward answer: No. While antlers may seem like a natural and durable option for your dog's chewing needs, the risks they pose—such as tooth fractures, choking hazards, and gastrointestinal complications—make them a less-than-ideal choice. The risks far outweigh the potential benefits and therefore, the vast majority of veterinarians will advise against giving your dog an antler to chew on.
If you have any questions or would like to discuss the use of antlers in your dog, please contact your veterinarian for further advice.