Neck pain in dogs can be a common symptom of various conditions. In this article, we will explore the most common reasons for neck pain in dogs. Some of these include cervical IVDD, atlantoaxial Instability, soft tissue injury, meningitis, and even inner ear diseases. Common symptoms of neck pain in dogs include reluctance to move the neck in any direction, pain or yelping when the neck or forequarters are touched, and reluctance to eat and drink. If your dog is exhibiting any of these symptoms, it is important to take them to the veterinarian as soon as possible for diagnosis and treatment.

1. Cervical intervertebral disc disease (IVDD)

Cervical IVDD is a condition that affects the cervical spine that results in neck pain in dogs. This occurs when the intervertebral disc herniates into the spinal canal. The disease can be caused by a number of factors, including age, genetics, and trauma. IVDD can lead to pain and inflammation in the neck region, as well as weakness and paralysis.

If your dog does develop cervical IVDD, prompt treatment is essential. Your veterinarian can recommend the best course of treatment, which may include pain medication, surgery in severe cases, and physical therapy.

2. Atlantoaxial instability (AA subluxation)

A-A subluxation is a condition that affects the atlantoaxial joint in dogs. This joint is located between the first and second cervical vertebrae (atlas and axis vertebrae), just off the base of the skull. A-A subluxation occurs when the joint becomes dislocated or unstable. The condition can be caused by trauma or congenital malformations in certain breeds such as chihuahuas, Pomeranians, toy poodles, and Yorkshire terriers.

Two general strategies exist for treating atlantoaxial instability, surgical stabilization and medical (conservative) management. Dogs with minor clinical symptoms or indications of short duration (less than 30 days) might benefit from conservative treatment. With conservative, medical therapy, dogs are treated with strict cage rest and a rigid neck splint or brace for at least 6 weeks.

If your dog has a lot of weakness or trouble moving around, or if they're in a lot of pain and conservative treatments haven't helped, surgery may be the best option. The goal of surgery is to stop the movement between the first and second vertebrae (C1 and C2) in the neck, which should help reduce pain and improve mobility.

3. Soft tissue injury of the neck

Soft tissue injuries are common in dogs and can occur anywhere in the body including the neck. These types of injuries can be caused by trauma, such as a car accident, or repetitive stress from activities like jumping and agility training. Symptoms of a soft tissue neck injury include pain, swelling, and stiffness. Treatment will vary depending on the severity of the injury but may include rest, ice, physical therapy, and pain medication. The prognosis is usually very good with rest and conservative treatment.

4. Meningitis

Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, the thin membranes that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord. Meningitis can be caused by a viral or bacterial infection or even certain types of cancer. Symptoms of meningitis include neck pain and stiffness, fever, vomiting, and pronounced lethargy. Treatment will depend on the underlying cause but may include antibiotics and corticosteroids.

5. Inner ear disease

A specific type of inner ear infection (otitis media) is called secretory otitis media where fluid accumulates within the inner, middle ear and can cause neck pain in dogs. The underlying etiology or cause is unknown and symptoms are usually a reflection of the buildup of mucus in the middle ear. This type of inner ear disease most commonly affects the Cavalier King Charles, boxer, and other brachycephalic breeds.

To treat secretory otitis media, mucus is removed from the tympanic bulla via myringotomy. This procedure involves making a small hole in the eardrum to allow fluid and mucus to escape. The middle ear may also be flushed with saline solution to help remove any remaining mucus.

Typical symptoms of neck pain in dogs

Dogs that are affected may adopt a stance with the head held down, the neck rigid, and the back arched as weight is shifted to the pelvic limbs.

If you are unsure whether your dog has neck pain, a simple test at home can help give you insight. With your dog sitting, have a high reward treat held in front at eye level. With your dog's body stationary, slowly move the treat left and right, above and below. Normally, a dog's neck will follow the treat. If your dog cannot or does not want to move its neck, this may be a sign of neck pain.

Other symptoms that may indicate neck pain in dogs include:

  • Reluctance to move the neck in any direction
  • Pain or yelping when the neck or forequarters are touched
  • Reluctance to eat and drink

If your dog is showing any of these symptoms, it is important to see your veterinarian for a thorough examination. The sooner your dog has a diagnosis, the sooner they start the road to recovery.

Neck pain in dogs is a common symptom with various conditions, some of which include cervical IVDD, atlantoaxial Instability, soft tissue injury, meningitis, and inner ear infections. If you are concerned that your dog may be experiencing neck pain, it is important to seek veterinary attention. Your veterinarian will be able to determine the underlying cause and develop a treatment plan to help ease your dog's discomfort.

If you think your dog may be experiencing neck pain, please contact us or schedule an appointment today. We are here to help!